Limit vertical rotation of Camera

Question

Hello, I am new at Unity and C# and I am trying to create a basic FPS controller w/ a limited rotation about the x-axis (vertical rotation).

     public float mouseSensitivity = 3.0f; //Mouse sensitivity.
     public float viewRange = 60.0f;
     float rotVertical = 0;
     
     // Use this for initialization
     void Start () {
 
     }
     
     // Update is called once per frame
     void Update () {
         //Camera
 
                 float rotHorizontal = Input.GetAxisRaw("Mouse X") * mouseSensitivity;
 
                 transform.Rotate ( 0, rotHorizontal, 0);
 
 
                 rotVertical = Input.GetAxisRaw("Mouse Y") * mouseSensitivity;
 
                 rotVertical = Mathf.Clamp ( rotVertical, -viewRange, viewRange);
 
                 Camera.main.transform.localRotation *= Quaternion.Euler( -rotVertical, 0, 0);

However, I am still able to rotate 360 degrees vertically. Any help would be appreciated!

Answer 1

Best Answer

Answer by MrMeows · Oct 25, 2015 at 04:56 AM

Try clamping it after you apply the rotation.

Camera.main.transform.localEulerAngles = new Vector3( Mathf.Clamp( Camera.main.transform.localEulerAngles.x, -viewRange, viewRange), 0, 0);

By the way, Camera.main is a rather costly operation in terms of framerate. I recommend you use the following.

Transform cameraTransform;
void Start () {
cameraTransform = Camera.main.transform;
}

Then, replace all other instances of Camera.main.transform with cameraTransform. Ctrl+H might be helpful.

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Sept · Oct 25, 2015 at 01:12 PM 0

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$$anonymous$$uch thanks! I have since replaced Camera.main.transform with cameraTransform. The clamp seems to work for the lower angle ( when i tilt the camera down to face the floor), however, it doesn't work when i tilt the camera up towards the sky. It will not go past a certain angle but ins$$anonymous$$d stutter at a smaller angle (which I'm sure is not the max value for my viewRange).

I replaced

 Camera.main.transform.localEulerAngles = new Vector3( $$anonymous$$athf.Clamp( Camera.main.transform.localEulerAngles.x, -viewRange, viewRange), 0, 0);

with

         Camera.main.transform.localEulerAngles = new Vector3( $$anonymous$$athf.Clamp( Camera.main.transform.localEulerAngles.x, -60, 60), 0, 0);

and the same problem occurs, the lower angle clamp works fine but now tilting upwards past a certain angle will reset the camera to face the floor.

Would you have any idea on how to solve this?

MrMeows Sept · Oct 25, 2015 at 05:05 PM 0

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I have never used $$anonymous$$athf.Clamp, so I do not quite know how it works. I would try using if statements.

if(cameraTransform.localEulerAngles.x > viewRange)
{
cameraTransform.localEulerAngles = new Vector3( viewRange, 0, 0);
} else
{
if(cameraTransform.localEulerAngles.x < -viewRange)
{
cameraTransform.localEulerAngles = new Vector3( -viewRange, 0, 0);
}
}

Sept MrMeows · Oct 26, 2015 at 12:04 AM 0

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Ah, the if statement seems to work out fine! Thank you very much for your help!

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Answer 2

Answer by isopoly23 · Sep 17, 2018 at 06:04 PM

     public float SpeedH = 10f;
     public float SpeedV = 10f;
 
     private float yaw = 0f;
     private float pitch = 0f;
     private float minPitch = -30f;
     private float maxPitch = 60f;
     
     void Update()
     {
         CameraRotate();
     }
 
     void CameraRotate() {
         yaw += Input.GetAxis("Mouse X") * SpeedH;
         pitch -= Input.GetAxis("Mouse Y") * SpeedV;
         pitch = Mathf.Clamp(pitch, minPitch, maxPitch); 
         transform.eulerAngles = new Vector3(pitch, yaw, 0f);
         
     }

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mrdav30 · Nov 14, 2018 at 11:20 PM 0

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This is a good method if you allow rotation on the y-axis as well. The accepted answer will always resets it back to 0. This also gives better control over the rotation speed.

Answer 3

I needed the logic to camera tilting angle (axis x) in inspector.

I use this:

         // ..  in void Update() in an if statement, only when left mouse is pressed if( Input.GetMouseButton(0)) { ... }
         
         // vertically mouse y delta to last frame
         var fY   = Input.GetAxis(InputAxis.MOUSE_Y);
         var v    = gcProfile.CameraTurnSpeedVertically * fY;
         
         // make rotation
         var rotation = new Vector3(-v, 0, 0);
         var tt       = target.transform;
         tt.Rotate(rotation, Space.Self);
         
         // limits for angle in tilt x axis, as seen in inspector
         const int bottom = 45;
         const int top    = -90;
         
         // convert transform to values, as seen in inspector
         var eulerTiltX = TransformUtils.GetInspectorRotation(tt).x;
         Debug.Log("local euler tilt (x): " + eulerTiltX + " <- " + fY);
         
         // x (inspector angle for tilt angle)
         
         // as long as try to rotate camera vertically in fY direction and the angle in inspector reaches limit ...
         
         if (eulerTiltX > bottom) //  && fY < 0 -- not really nessessary
         {
                  // then: set inspector value to bottom boundary
             TransformUtils.SetInspectorRotation(tt, new Vector3(bottom, 0, 0));
         }
         else if (eulerTiltX < top) // && fY > 0 -- not really nessessary
         {
             TransformUtils.SetInspectorRotation(tt, new Vector3(top, 0, 0));
         }

Answer 4

That's what I did and clamping works perfectly.

 private float cameraPanMax = 20f; // 20 degree
 private float cameraPanMin = 340f; // -20 degree (360 - 20)

 // Update() starts here

 float moveHorizontal = CrossPlatformInputManager.GetAxisRaw("Horizontal");
 float moveVertical = CrossPlatformInputManager.GetAxisRaw("Vertical");
 
 if (moveVertical != 0) 
             {
                 Vector3 rotateDir = new Vector3(-moveVertical, 0f, 0f);
                 CameraManager.activeCam.Rotate(rotateDir * rotSpeed * Time.deltaTime);
 
                 float currentAngle = CameraManager.activeCam.localEulerAngles.x;
 
                 bool isHigherThanRange = currentAngle > cameraPanMax && currentAngle < 50f;
                 bool isLowerThanRange = currentAngle < cameraPanMin && currentAngle > 300f;
 
                 if (isHigherThanRange)
                 {
                     CameraManager.activeCam.localEulerAngles = new Vector3(Mathf.Clamp(currentAngle, 0f, cameraPanMax), 0, 0);
                 }
 
                 if (isLowerThanRange) 
                 {
                     CameraManager.activeCam.localEulerAngles = new Vector3(Mathf.Clamp(currentAngle, cameraPanMin, cameraPanMin), 0, 0);
                 }
             }

Limit vertical rotation of Camera

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