Should I choose high resolution sprites for 2D pixel graphics?

I am developing a 2D game with pixel art graphics. Suppose I need a 3x3 square (pixel) sprite, which is similar in size to a player character that has a size of 20x10 squares, that is, it is more "detailed". How does scaling sprites work for different display resolutions? If instead of a player’s sprite with a resolution of 200x100 pixels (1 square = 10 pixels), a sprite with a resolution of 20x10 pixels (1 square = 1 pixel) is involved, will the image lose its quality? If so, why? Please tell me about the basic principles of creating 2D sprites.