I need help with raycasts and with color of gameobject [SOLVED]

Hello. You can do a simple thing like this:

 public class CubeStatus : MonoBehaviour
 {
       public bool isGreen = false;
       
       void SwapColor(bool green)
       {
             // Change color material
             isGreen = green;
       }
 }

In this way you've saved the state of the cube.

Where you do the Raycast, add a reference for the CubeStatus component:

 public class RaycastShooter : MonoBehaviour
 {
     [SerializeField] CubeStatus status; // Assign it in the inspector
 
     public void Shoot()
     {
         RaycastHit hit;
         if (Physics.Raycast(rayOrigin, forwardVect, out hit, range))
         {
             if (hit.transform.CompareTag("TheCube"))
             {
                 if (status.isGreen)
                     // we've hit good
                 else
                     // game over               
             }
         }
     }
 }
 

Look that in this case the Cube must have the tag "TheCube", otherwise it will not pass the if condition.